The problem of hearing loss in children, both preschool and school-aged, is not uncommon, and the effects on their mental and intellectual development are extremely serious. Additionally, hearing impairment creates complex educational, economic, and social problems.

The sense of hearing is the key from which speech is gradually built. There is a natural mechanism of interaction created between the sense of hearing and speech, which is essential for acquiring speech. Any disturbance in this relationship beyond a certain limit has detrimental effects on the normal development of the child.

Undoubtedly, human speech and language play a decisive role in communication between people and in the development of relationships among them. It has been said and is true that deafness is a greater disability than blindness when referring to young children. In these cases, the problems of deafness are more complex and more serious than those of blindness.

Deafness means the loss of the most vivid stimulus, the sound of speech, which activates our thoughts and allows us to live within the intellectual companionship of others. The absence of language hinders communication between people and has the immediate consequence of creating feelings of insecurity, alienation, distrust, and disappointment.

It is particularly important that the treatment of hearing-impaired children begins during the period of normal speech development, specifically within the first two years of life. According to thorough research, it has been proven that, despite the advances in electronic acoustic technology, otology, audiology, phoniatrics, speech therapy, linguistics, and pedagogy, childhood hearing loss remains, on a global level, a multidimensional and difficult-to-solve medical, educational, and social problem.

It is worth mentioning that the dimensions of the problem vary from country to country, depending on the level of health organization, the educational system, social policy, and the cultural level. In the case of childhood hearing loss, the state's care for hearing-impaired and deaf children is an indicator that reflects both the cultural level and the organization of social services in a country.